THE EMOTIONAL WORK OR EMOTIONS AT WORK: A STUDY ABOUT THE DEMANDS OF EMOTIONAL LABOR AMONG UNIVERSITY TEACHERS IN PUNJAB

Abstract

Teaching is based on face-to-face interaction and teachers are required to show certain emotions and suppress others in order to teach their students well and motivate them. The present study was aimed to find out the nature and extent of the emotional labor among university teachers. The universe of the study was Universities from Punjab, Province & multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of the Universities as well as for the respondents. At 1^st stage, three universities i.e., University of Sargodha, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi and University of Lahore were selected randomly. At second stage, the faculties and departments were selected randomly and at third stage the respondents were selected conveniently. The sample size was comprised of 120 respondents. The data was analyzed by the help of statistical software SPSS and descriptive statistic was applied (Frequencies, Percentages, mean and Std. Deviation values), whereas, Correlation and ANOVA test was applied for hypotheses testing. Results showed that teachers do the surface acting for managing their personal emotions at the workplace. Their job demands to express the positive emotions and hide the negative emotions. The emotional labor is directly influencing the personal wellbeing of the teachers and their work productivity and sometime, may leads toward the condition of emotional exhaustion.

Keywords: Emotional labor, Surface Acting, Deep acting, Display rules, Job performance, Job Satisfaction.